目的 探讨心理弹性对不孕症患者病耻感与社会疏离感的中介效应。方法 采用便利抽样方法，于2023年1—8月选取在新疆维吾尔自治区妇幼保健院就诊的600例不孕症患者为研究对象。利用一般资料调查表、不孕症病耻感量表、心理弹性量表、一般疏离感量表对研究对象进行问卷调查，对不同特征调查对象的病耻感评分、社会疏离感评分、心理弹性的中介效应等进行统计分析。结果 有效问卷涉及的542例不孕症患者病耻感量表、心理弹性量表和一般疏离感量表的总分平均分分别为（75.20±6.83）、（45.15±13.19）、（44.43±7.85）分，不孕症患者的病耻感和一般疏离感整体处于中高水平，心理弹性处于中等偏下水平。不孕症患者的疏离感总分和病耻感总分呈正相关（r=0.810,P <0.001），与心理弹性总分呈负相关（r=-0.801,P <0.001）；病耻感总分与心理弹性总分呈负相关（r=-0.600,P <0.001）。Bootstrap检验结果显示，心理弹性对病耻感与社会疏离感的间接效应为0.094(95%CI:0.076～0.109)，病耻感对社会疏离感的直接效应为0.164(95%CI:0.149～0.178)。效应值占比结果显示，心理弹性的中介效应在总效应中的占比为36.58%。结论 心理弹性对不孕症患者病耻感与社会疏离感起到部分中介作用，医务人员应积极采取心理弹性相关干预策略，从积极心理学角度入手，降低不孕症患者的社会疏离感水平，促使患者更好地融入社会，提升生活质量。

Objective To explore the mediating effect of psychological resilience on the association between disease shame and social distance among infertile patients. Methods Convenience sampling method was used to recruit 600 infertile women who visited Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January to August 2023. Questionnaires including content of general information, disease shame scale, psychological resilience scale, and general alienation scale were distributed to them, and 542 valid questionnaires were collected. Disease shame score, social alienation score, and indirect effect of psychological resilience of different characteristics were analyzed. Results The average total scores of the disease shame scale, psychological resilience scale, and general alienation scale for 542 infertile patients were(75.20 ± 6.83),(45.15 ± 13.19), and(44.43 ± 7.85),respectively. Their disease shame scale and general alienation scale were generally at a medium to high level, while psychological resilience scale was slightly lower than average level. The total score of alienation was positively correlated with that of shame among infertile patients(r = 0.810, P < 0.001), while it was negatively correlated with that of psychological resilience(r =-0.801, P < 0.001).The total score of disease shame was negatively correlated with that of psychological resilience(r =-0.600, P < 0.001). Bootstrap test results showed that indirect effect of psychological resilience on the association between shame and social alienation was 0.094(95% CI: 0.076-0.109), while the direct effect of disease shame on social alienation was 0.164(95% CI: 0.149-0.178). The proportion of effect size showed that indirect effect of psychological resilience accounts for 36.58% of total effect. Conclusion Psychological resilience plays a partial mediating role in the association between disease shame and social alienation among infertile women. Medical staff should actively adopt positive intervention strategies to reduce their level of social alienation from the perspective of psychological resilience, promote better integration into society, and improve their quality of life.