目的了解苏州市40岁以上无乳腺疾病女性的乳腺癌筛查意愿,分析乳腺X线筛查意愿的影响因素。方法调查苏州市40岁以上未患过乳腺相关疾病的女性,结合健康信念模式分析乳腺癌X线筛查意愿的影响因素。结果 644名被调查者中,86.80%愿意参加免费乳腺癌筛查,65.84%愿意自费进行乳腺癌筛查,47.83%愿意在未来一年接受乳腺X线检查。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄较轻、教育程度较高、已婚、"知觉易感性"得分较高;亲友曾有乳腺癌病史、既往接受过临床乳腺检查者更倾向于愿意在未来一年接受乳腺X线检查;"知觉障碍"得分较高者更倾向于不愿意接受乳腺X线检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。户口、职业、"知觉严重性"、"知觉利益"、"自我效能"等对乳腺癌筛查意愿的影响未见统计学意义。结论苏州40岁以上女性乳腺癌筛查意愿尚可,但近期内实施意愿不足。年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况、亲友患病史和既往筛查情况是重要影响因素,应加强女性对乳腺癌及其筛查相关知识的宣传和教育,提高"知觉易感性",减少"知觉障碍",以提高乳腺癌筛查意愿,改善乳腺癌筛查的依从行为。

Objective To explore the willingness of breast cancer screening by mammography examination and associated factors for breast cancer screening among women over 40 years and without breast diseases in Suzhou. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted among women aged over 40 years and without breast diseases using a self-administered questionnaire. Health belief model was used to analyze the influencing factors for the screening willingness. Result 644 women were included in the analysis. Among them,65. 84% had intention to participate in free breast cancer screening,65. 84% were willing to conduct breast cancer screening at their own expense,and 47. 83% were willing to accepted breast mammography examination in the next year. Multivariate Logistic analyses showed that younger,married,better education,higher score in perceived susceptibility,family members or friends suffering from breast cancer and accepted clinical breast examination previously were more likely to accept mammography screening in the next year. Women with higher score of perceived barriers were less likely to accept mammography( P < 0. 05). There was statistically significant difference between women with and without screening willingness. However,there was no statistically significant difference in registered residence,occupation,scores of perceived severity,perceived benefits and self-efficacy between women with and without screening willingness. Conclusion Women without breast cancer aged over 40 years in Suzhou have the willingness to participate in breast cancer screening. However,they are lack of willingness to implement in the near future. Age,education level,marital status,family members or friends suffering from breast cancer and accepted clinical breast examination previously play important roles in breast cancer mammography willingness. In order to improve their willingness of breast cancer screening and the compliance behavior,it is important to strengthen women's knowledge of breast cancer,increase perceived susceptibility and decrease perceived barriers