目的了解四川省城市孕妇孕前预防出生缺陷的行为现状,对不同城市地区出生缺陷一级预防行为优良等级划分提供统计学方法参考,为进一步提高出生缺陷一级干预效果和降低出生缺陷率服务。方法本研究选取8个城市共1057名孕妇,对其基本情况和出生缺陷一级预防行为现状进行描述,利用TOPSIS和秩和比法(RSR法)对四川省多个地区的出生缺陷一级预防行为进行综合评价。结果本研究调查对象中婚检率45.32%,叶酸服用率和孕检率均超过80%。未婚检的最主要原因是认为自己健康;没有合理增补叶酸的最主要原因是不知道叶酸的好处;没有孕检的最主要原因是意外怀孕;将婚检率、叶酸服用率、孕检率、风险预防情况作为评价指标进行综合评价后,乐山、遂宁和眉山在城市地区表现较好。结论婚检需重视,婚检率还有待提高;孕检率和叶酸服用率较高,但孕前开始服用叶酸的人数较少,没有进行孕检的人群主要是意外怀孕人群;研究对象的风险意识较高,能有意识避免接触可能影响胎儿的危险因素;综合评价中乐山、遂宁和眉山地区预防出生缺陷行为表现较好,各地应有针对性的提高优生宣传教育,结合当地计生部门形成因地制宜的出生缺陷预防网络,使人们能广泛参与进去。

Objective To understand the practice of primary prevention of birth defects among city pregnant women in Sichuan Province.Providing a scientific statistical methods for classifying the primary prevention of birth defects of the different regions.To Provide a scientific basis for promoting primary prevention project.Methods This study selected 1057 pregnant women in eight city,their's basic situation and preventional behavior was described,to comprehensive evaluate the primary preventional behavior of several regions in Sichuan Province by TOPSIS and RSR methods.Results Premarital medical examination rates is 45.32% in this survey,Folic acid supplementation and Pre-pregnancy medical examination are taking the rate of over 80%.The most important reason for no pre-marital medical examination is that they believe they are healthy.Most of women didn't take pre-pregnancy medical examination because of unintended pregnancies.Most of them didn't supplement folic acid reasonably because they didn't know the benefits of it.Taking premarital medical examination,pre-pregnancy medical examination,folic acid supplementation and risk prevention as indicators of comprehensive evaluation.Leshan,Suining and Meishan perform best.Conclusions We should be attention to.the premarital medical examination and the rate need to be increase;Folic acid rate and Pre-pregnancy medical examination rate all are good,but most people haven't started taking folic acid before pregnancy,Most of women didn't take pre-pregnancy medical examination because of unintended pregnancies;They have a strong awareness of risk prevention,who can avoid contacting with the risk factors for birth defects;Pregnant women of Leshan,Suining and Meishan perform best in preventing birth defects.Regions should focused on special person to improve the aristogenesis publicity education;Combined with the section of Family planning in local,and to compose a netword which prevention of birth defects,so that people could take part in the widely.