目的分析出生缺陷发生情况及影响因素,为出生缺陷的预防、监测提供指导。方法对2017年上半年在郑州大学第三附属医院住院分娩并确诊的出生缺陷儿925例病例资料进行回顾性分析,同时回顾分析郑州大学第三附属医院2014-2016年出生缺陷发生的总体情况。结果 2014-2016年出生缺陷发生率呈增长趋势。2017年上半年,郑州大学第三附属医院总分娩量7003例,出生缺陷儿共925例,出生缺陷顺位前五位是:先天性心脏病、肢体畸形、总唇腭裂、泌尿系统畸形、神经系统畸形。孕期均衡营养及孕期补充叶酸、维生素等为出生缺陷的保护因素。孕期接触有害物质、孕期并发症及合并症等为出生缺陷的危险因素。结论减少出生缺陷的危险因素,加强对出生缺陷的监测及预防,降低出生缺陷发生率,改善不良预后,提高出生人口素质。

Objective To analyze the occurrence of birth defects and the influencing factors,to provide guidance for the prevention and monitoring of birth defects. Methods The data of 925 cases of birth defects born in our hospital in the first half of2017 were analyzed retrospectively,and the general situation of birth defects in our hospital from 2014-2016 was analyzed retrospectively. Results The incidence of birth defects increased from 2014 to 2016. In the first half of 2017,the total number of births in our hospital was 7003,and there were 925 cases of birth defects. The top five of birth defects were congenital heart disease,limb malformation,total cleft lip and palate,urinary system malformation,and Malformation of the nervous system. Balanced nutrition during pregnancy,and supplementation of folic acid and vitamins were protective factors for birth defects. Exposure to harmful substances during pregnancy,pregnancy complications were risk factors for birth defects. Conclusions It is necessary to reduce the risk factors of birth defects,strengthen the monitoring and prevention of birth defects,reduce the incidence of birth defects,improve the poor prognosis,and improve the quality of the birth population.