目的 探讨云南省产妇孕期贫血的影响因素，为降低孕期贫血发生率提供依据。方法 抽取 2021年 1 — 9月在云南省妇幼健康信息管理平台中建立档案的分娩产妇31 871例作为研究对象，采用病例对照法，将产妇分为贫血组和非贫血组，分析比较两组产妇的一般情况、孕次、产次、分娩孕周、流产次数等指标，采用 χ²检验和多因素logistic 回归法分析云南省产妇孕期贫血患病的影响因素。结果 云南省产妇孕期贫血患病率为 57. 70%(18 389/31 871)，经多因素 logistic回归分析显示，年龄 25 ～ 35 岁(OR = 1. 15)、少数民族(OR = 1. 07)、海拔高度(OR = 1. 75)为云南省产妇孕期贫血的危险因素，而孕期体质指数(body mass index,BMI)≥26. 3 kg/㎡(OR = 0. 71)、非农户籍(OR = 0. 93)、文化水平(OR = 0. 93)为产妇孕期贫血患病的保护因素。结论 云南省产妇孕期贫血患病率较高，其中年龄 25 ～ 35 岁、少数民族和海拔高度为贫血患病的危险因素，应加强对高危孕产妇人群的孕期管理和健康宣教，以降低孕期贫血的发生率，提高出生人口素质。

Objective To investigate the factors associated with anemia during pregnancy in Yunnan Province,so as to provide references to reduce the incidence of anemia during pregnancy.Methods Totally 31 871 pregnant women who registered in the maternal and child health information management platform of Yunnan Province were recruited as research subjects from January to September 2021. They were divided into anemia group and non-anemia group by a case-control study method. Factors that might be associated with anemia during pregnancy including characteristics of gestational weeks,pregnancy and delivery history were collected.χ~2test and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the factors associated with anemia among pregnant women in Yunnan Province.Results The prevalence rate of anemia among pregnant women in Yunnan Province was 57. 70%(18 389/31 871).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age being 25-35(OR = 1. 15),ethnic minorities(OR = 1. 07),altitude(OR =1. 75)were risk factors,while body mass index(BMI)≥26. 3 kg/m²(OR = 0. 71),non-agricultural household registration(OR =0. 93),and education level(OR = 0. 93)were protective factors for anemia during pregnancy.Conclusion The prevalence of anemia during pregnancy is relatively high among pregnant women in Yunnan Province. Those whose age being 25-35 years old,ethnic minorities and altitude are risk factors for anemia. Pregnancy management and health education for high-risk pregnant women should be strengthened to reduce anemia during pregnancy and to improve the quality of the birth population.