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目的 了解近年来我国青春期保健服务工作的进展情况，比较妇幼保健机构与其他医疗机构青春期保健服务存在的差异，为优化服务体系提供依据。方法 本研究为横断面研究，采用分层随机抽样，共抽取全国31个省级、94个地市级和151个区县级共计276个地区的妇幼保健机构和其他医疗机构纳入研究，描述性分析各类机构青春期保健门诊服务情况。结果 本次调查共有66家机构（16.34%）开设青春期保健门诊，省级机构在青春期保健门诊设置比例（34.21%）高于市级和区县级，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。调查的11项门诊硬件设施配置中，妇幼保健机构有6项的配备比例高于其他医疗机构，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。在未开设青春期保健门诊的机构中，提供服务的前3位科室为妇科（51.48%）、儿科（50.00%）和儿童保健科（50.59%）,62.7%的机构认为开设青春期保健门诊“非常有必要”或“比较有必要”。结论 我国青春期保健门诊开设比例较低，不同层级和不同类型医疗机构之间存在差异，妇幼保健机构在门诊设置及硬件配置等方面更具有优势，有待总结经验并进一步推广。
Abstract：Objective To understand the recent progress of adolescent health services in China and compare the differences between maternal and child health(MCH) institutions and other medical institutions in providing adolescent health services, and to provide a basis for optimizing the service system. Methods A cross-sectional design was used in this study. A total of 276 regions,including 31 provincial-level, 94 prefecture-level, and 151 county-level areas, were selected nationwide using a stratified random sampling. Both MCH institutions and other medical institutions were included, and the service situations of adolescent health clinics in various types of institutions were descriptive analysed. Results Among the surveyed institutions, 66(16.34%) had established adolescent health outpatient clinics. The proportion was significantly higher at the provincial level(34.21%) compared to prefectural and county levels(P<0.05). Among the 11 surveyed outpatient hardware items, MCH institutions had higher equipment rates than other institutions for 6 of them(all P<0.05). Among institutions without dedicated adolescent clinics, the top three departments providing relevant services were gynecology(51.48%), pediatrics(50.00%), and child healthcare(50.59%). Furthermore, 62.7% of institutions believed that establishing adolescent health clinics was “ very necessary” or “ relatively necessary”. Conclusion The overall establishment rate of adolescent health clinics in China remains relatively low, with significant disparities across institutional levels and types. MCH institutions demonstrate advantages in clinic setup and infrastructure, highlighting the need to summarize best practices and further promote service expansion.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19757/j.cnki.issn1674-7763.2025.04.007
中图分类号:R179
引用信息:
[1]杨艺林,杨丽,徐懿文等.我国青春期保健服务提供现况调查[J].中国妇幼卫生杂志,2025,16(04):296-302.DOI:10.19757/j.cnki.issn1674-7763.2025.04.007.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划资助(2022YFC2703801)(2023YFC2705501)