目的分析新生早产儿重症监护室母婴分离期母亲泌乳量不足的影响因素。方法选取2018年6月—2020年12月河南省周口市鹿邑真源医院重症监护室收治的260例新生早产儿作为研究对象。根据产妇产后第14 d的泌乳量进行分组,日泌乳量<500 m L为观察组,日泌乳量≥500 m L者为对照组,两组各130例,比较相关因素在两组中的差异。结果观察组在产妇年龄、妊娠合并症、产时孕周、产后开奶时间、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale,EPDS)评分、泌乳Ⅱ期启动时间、每日睡眠时间、液体摄入量、吸奶频率方面与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),经多因素logistic回归分析,产妇年龄、产时孕周、妊娠合并症、EPDS评分、新生儿吸奶频率、泌乳Ⅱ期启动时间是影响新生早产儿重症监护室母婴分离期母亲泌乳量不足的危险因素(P均<0.05)。结论针对新生早产儿重症监护室母婴分离期母亲泌乳量不足的主要因素,临床应提前做好产妇、新生儿的评估,有效干预并处理影响产后泌乳量的因素,促进产妇增加泌乳量,提高重症监护室新生早产儿的存活率及生存质量。

Objective To analyze influence factors related to insufficient lactation during mother-infant separation in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU).Methods Totally 260 newborn premature infants treated in ICU of Zhoukou Luyi Zhenyuan Hospital were recruited as study subjects from June 2018 to December 2020. They were divided into 2 groups based on the amount of lactation in 14 th day postpartum. The mothers who had inadequate lactation( < 500 m L/day) were in the observation group and who had adequate lactation( > 500 m L/day) were in the control group,with 130 cases in each group. Influence factors related to inadequate lactation were compared between 2 groups.Results There were significant differences as for maternal age, pregnancy complications,gestational weeks, postpartum breastfeeding initiation, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale( EPDS) score, lactation phase II initiation time, daily sleep time, liquid intake, and milk sucking frequency between 2 groups(P< 0. 05). Logistic regression showed that maternal age, gestational weeks, complications during pregnancy, EPDS score, milk sucking frequency, lactation phase II initiation were risk factors related to insufficient lactation postpartum(P< 0. 05).Conclusion Factors leading to insufficient lactation during mother-infant separation should be focused. Clinically, the mother and newborn should be well evaluated in advance and factors affecting postpartum lactation should be effectively dealt with, so as to improve postpartum lactation and survival rate and living quality of preterm newborns in NICU.