目的 分析2013—2023年湖北省武汉市江岸区围产期出生缺陷儿的分布特征及发生率变化趋势，为出生缺陷防控工作提供参考依据。方法 按照《中国妇幼卫生监测工作手册》中制定的围产儿出生缺陷监测方案，对武汉市妇幼卫生信息系统中收集的江岸区出生缺陷人群监测资料进行统计分析。采用Pearson χ²检验对不同年份出生缺陷发生率或构成比进行比较，采用Cochran-Armitage Trend Test χ²检验分析出生缺陷发生率随年份变化的趋势。结果 2013—2023年江岸地区累计发现出生缺陷儿636例，总发生率为8.61‰，呈上升趋势(■,P<0.001)。其中，男性和女性出生缺陷发生率分别为9.50‰和7.56‰。出生缺陷前5顺位分别为多指/趾、先天性心脏病、外耳其他畸形、唇腭裂、并指/趾。结论 2013—2023年武汉市江岸地区出生缺陷发生率低于全国及湖北省平均水平，但整体呈上升趋势，需进一步加强三级防控措施，最终达到降低出生缺陷发生率的目的。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and dynamic change of perinatal birth defects in Jiang'an district of Wuhan city, Hubei Province from 2013 to 2023 and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of birth defects.Methods The perinatal birth defects were monitored according to Hospital Monitoring of Birth Defects in China issued by the Ministry of Health. Birth defect surveillance data in Jiang'an district from 2013 to 2023 were analyzed. Chi square(χ²) test was used to detect the significance of rate difference and dynamic change trend. Results From 2013 to 2023, a total of 636 cases of birth defects was detected in Jiang'an district. The total incidence was 8.61‰, with an upward trend of incidental birth defects was observed over the past 10 years(Cochran-Armitage Trend Test χ²=3.78,P<0.001). The incidence of birth defects was higher in boys(9.50‰) than that in girls(7.56‰)(P<0.05). The top five birth defects were multiple fingers/toes(1.46‰), congenital heart diseases(1.23‰),dactylosymphysis(0.53‰), other outer ear deformities(0.51‰), and hypospadias(0.38‰). Conclusion The incidence of birth defects in the Jiang'an district during 2013 to 2023 was lower than the average level of the nation and Hubei Province, but a significant rising trend of yearly birth defect incidence was observed. To reduce the incidence of birth defects, it is necessary to further strengthen three-level prevention and control measures and improve the maternal and child health care service system.