目的调查青岛市李沧区学龄前儿童肥胖流行情况,分析其与儿童体质间的关联。方法采用分层与整群相结合的抽样方法,依据《国民体质测定标准手册(幼儿部分)》对青岛市李沧区37所幼儿园共6647名4⁶岁学龄前儿童进行调查。结果调查对象肥胖率为12.9%,其中男童12.4%、女童13.6%,肥胖水平随年龄增大上升趋势不明显(χ²=3.02,P≥0.05);公、私立幼儿园肥胖率分别为14.7%和11.4%,差异有统计学意义(χ²=16.210,P<0.01),公、私立幼儿园6岁~年龄段肥胖率差异明显,有统计学意义(17.0%vs 9.8%,χ²=22.976,P<0.01)。无论男女,除坐位体前屈和网球掷远外,各个方面均表现出体重正常儿童优于肥胖儿童。结论青岛市李沧区学龄前儿童肥胖率较高,肥胖与儿童体质尤其是灵敏性、爆发力协调性和下肢力量相关的发育相关。

Objective To study the obesity status of preschool children in Licang,Qingdao,and to find the influence on the physique. Methods Random cluster sampling method was used and 6647 preschool children aged 4-6 participated in the survey according to "the test standard of physical fitness for children". Results The overall prevalence of obesity was 12. 9%,with 12. 4% for boy and 13. 6% for girl. The increase trend was unconspicuous along with the age increasing( χ²= 4. 430,P > 0. 05). The prevalence in public kindergardens was higher than that in private school( 14. 7% vs 11. 4%),and there was statistically significant difference in age 6-between public and private school( 17. 0% vs 9. 8%,χ²= 22. 976,P < 0. 01). The physical fitness was better in children with normal weight than obesity children except sit-and-reach and tennis throwing. Conclusions The prevalence of obesity in preschool was high in Licang,Qingdao. The physical fitness especially on sensitivity,explosive force harmony and lower limbs strength was influenced by obesity.