目的探讨系统性护理干预措施对妊娠期糖尿病母婴结局的影响。方法对照组患者采取常规护理措施。干预组患者在常规护理措施基础上给予系统性护理干预管理,直至分娩。结果经比较,干预组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白3项指标均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组妊娠期并发症的发生率均低于对照组,且并发症的总发生率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经比较,干预组围产儿的畸形、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息、新生儿低血糖并发症的发生率及围产儿并发症总发生率均低于观察组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在胎儿生长受限及胎死宫内上,两组无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论建立一套有效的整体护理干预模式,能更加有效避免妊娠期糖尿病对母婴健康产生的危害,获取最佳母婴结局,降低围生期发病率与死亡率,值得临床推广和应用。

Objective To explore the influence of systematic nursing intervention on maternal and neonatal outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods Patients in control group were taken by the routine nursing measures,and patients in intervention group were given systemic nursing intervention management on the basis of routine nursing measures,until delivery occurred. Results Compared with control group,the patients of intervention group patients had lower level in fasting plasma glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin,the differences were statistically significant( P < 0. 05). Incidence of complications during pregnancy in intervention group was lower than that of control group,and the total incidence of complications was also lower than that of control group,the differences were statistically significant( P < 0. 05). Patients in intervention group had lower incidence of perinatal malformations,fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia, the incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia complications and perinatal infant complication than that of observation group,the differences were statistically significant( P < 0. 05). Between the two groups,there were no significant difference in fetal growth restriction and fetal death( P > 0. 05). Conclusions To establish a set of effective nursing intervention model can prevent gestational diabetes to do harm to maternal and child,and achieves the best maternal and infant outcomes as well as reduces the perinatal morbidity and mortality,so it is worthy of promotion and application in clinic.