目的探讨马斯洛需要层次理论对妊娠期糖尿病患者治疗依从性及妊娠结局的影响。方法病例来源于深圳市妇幼保健院于2014年7月-2015年7月就医确诊为妊娠期糖尿病患者90例。按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,对应随机数字为偶数者为观察组,奇数者为对照组,每组45例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组护理的基础上实施马斯洛需要层次理论的护理方案,比较两组患者治疗依从性、妊娠结局及产后的血糖控制情况。结果观察组患者在定期复查、合理用药、正确运动疗法、正确饮食、合理自我血糖监测5方面的依从性明显要好于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的流产率、剖宫产率、产后出血率、发生感染率、酮症酸中毒、新生儿低血糖、新生儿黄疸、巨大儿人数均明显较低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者血糖的控制情况明显好于对照组,空腹血糖<7.0 mmol/L及耐量试验2 h后血糖11.1 mmol/L的人数明显要比对照组多,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。此外两组在BMI及孕期增长体重两项指标比较中差异明显,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论实施马斯洛需要层次理论的护理方案有助于提高妊娠期糖尿病治疗的依从性,提高妊娠质量,改善妊娠结局,保障母婴健康,值得在临床推广使用。

Objective To explore the influence of Maslow 's hierarchy of needs theory on the treatment compliance and the pregnancy outcome of the patients with gestational diabetes. Method 90 patient who were diagnosed with gestational diabetes were selected as research objects,and they visited Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health Hospital during July 2014 to July 2015. According to random number table method,45 cases with even number were divided into observation group,and 45 cases with odd number were divided into control group. The control group was given conventional nursing,while the observation group was given the nursing plan of maslow's hierarchy of needs theory based on the control group. The treatment compliance,postpartum glycemic control and pregnancy outcomes of two groups of patients were compared. Results The adherence of the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group in the regular review,rational drug use,right exercise therapy,eating right and reasonable self-blood glucose monitoring,and the differences were statistically significant( P < 0. 05). Observation group had lower incidence in abortion,cesarean section,postpartum hemorrhage and infection,ketoacidosis,fetal hypoglycemia,neonatal jaundice,and macrosomia,than control group,and the difference were statistically significant( P < 0. 05). The blood sugar control of the observation group was obviously better than that of the control group. The number of the fasting blood glucose less than 7. 0 mmol / L and Tolerance test after 2-hour postprandial blood for 11. 1 mmol / L was more than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant( P <0. 05). In addition two groups showed difference in BMI and increase body weight during pregnancy,and the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 05). Conclusion The implementation of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory was helpful to improve treatment compliance of gestational diabetes,the quality of pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes,and ensure the maternal and child health. The theory is worth of popularizing in clinic.