目的了解湖南省怀化市5岁以下儿童死亡情况,提出针对性的干预措施,降低儿童死亡率。方法对怀化市2015年的5岁以下儿童死亡进行监测,根据《儿童死亡监测死因分类说明》进行死因分类,对监测数据进行整理和统计分析。结果 5岁以下儿童死亡率8.04‰,婴儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的72.16%,农村儿童占93.61%。5岁以下儿童死亡率农村(8.56‰)高于城市(4.29‰),春夏季5岁以下儿童死亡率(7.09‰)低于秋冬季(8.96‰),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。5岁以下儿童前5位的死因依次为肺炎、先天性心脏病、意外窒息、早产低体重、溺水。结论怀化市5岁以下儿童死亡控制重点在农村,建议加强孕产期保健服务指导,完善出生缺陷三级预防体系,重视儿童意外伤害防治。

Objective To know the Death status of children under 5 years old in Huaihua city and offer interventions to reduce the mortality rate. Methods Death of children under 5 years old in Huaihua was monitored in 2015. Summarization and statistical analysis of monitoring data were carried out. Results The mortality rate of children under 5 years was 8. 04‰,and infants accounted for 72. 16%,children form rural accounted for 93. 61%. The mortality death of children under 5 years old in rural( 8. 56‰) was higher than that city( 4. 29‰)( P < 0. 05). The mortality death of children under 5 years old in autumn and winter( 8. 96‰) was higher than that of spring summer( 7. 09‰)( P < 0. 05). The top five death causes of children under 5 years old were pneumonia,congenital heart disease,accidental suffocation,preterm low birth weight,drowning. Conclusions It was suggested to pay more attention to reduce mortality rate for rural, strengthen pregnancy health, improve birth defect prevention system and accident prevention.