目的掌握巴彦淖尔市5岁以下儿童死亡情况,分析死因构成及变化趋势,为政府部门制定有效干预措施提供依据,以降低5岁以下儿童死亡率。方法对2011-2016年巴彦淖尔市5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行统计分析。结果 6年间5岁以下儿童死亡率、婴儿死亡率、新生儿死亡率总体呈下降趋势,新生儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的76.40%。主要前五位死因顺位依次为:早产低出生体重、其他先天异常、出生窒息、先天性心脏病(先心病)、其他新生儿病,占全部5岁以下儿童死亡的74.80%。1⁴岁儿童意外伤害死亡占该年龄组儿童死亡的33.33%。结论做好孕期保健管理,重视高危孕产妇筛查转诊,加强围产期监护,预防早产,降低出生缺陷发生率;减少儿童意外伤害的发生,可有效降低5岁以下儿童死亡率,提高出生人口素质。

Objective To master the situation of child deaths under 5 years in bayinnaoer city,to analyze the constitution of causes and trends of death,and to provide the evidences for the government to make effective intervention measures to reduce the mortality of children under 5 years.Methods The monitoring data of the deaths of children under 5 years from 2011 to 2016 in bayinnaoer city were analyzed.Results During the 6 years,the mortality of children under 5 years,the infant mortality and the neonatal mortality generally showed the decline trends.The neonatal death accounted for 76.40% of all deaths of children under 5 years.The sequence of the top five main causes of deaths,as the following:preterm low birth weight,other congenital anomaly,birth asphyxia,congenital heart disease,other neonatal illness.They accounted for 74.80% of all deaths of children under 5 years.The accidental injury deaths of 1-4 years old children accounted for 33.33% of all deaths of this age group children.Conclusion It is necessary to improve the management of prenatal health care,to pay attention to the screening and referral of the pregnant women with high risks,to strengthen the perinatal care,to prevent premature delivery,and to reduce the incidence of birth defects.To reduce the incidence of accidental injury of children can effectively reduce the mortality of children under 5 years and improve the quality of birth population.