目的 调查山东省青岛市城区6～12岁健康儿童各阶段肢体长度与身体比例，分析其变化规律，为儿童生长发育过程中肢体长度及比例的变化规律积累资料，并为体格匀称性的评估提供参考。方法 于2024年4—6月，采取随机整群抽样方法，选取青岛市城区3所小学1 539名6～12岁的健康儿童作为调查对象，测量其身高、坐高、指距、膝高，计算下肢长、坐高/身高、指距/身高、膝高/身高、下肢长/身高、坐高/下肢长、四肢长/躯干长，连续变量以平均值±标准差表示。同一年龄组内儿童各指标的性别差异分析采用两独立样本t检验。采用Pearson相关系数评估各指标之间的相关性。结果 随着年龄的增长，男女童指距、坐高、下肢长、膝高与身高生长趋势一致。不同性别之间各指标比较结果显示：9～<13岁男女童的膝高和膝高/身高差异有统计学意义（均P <0.05）,11～岁男女童的坐高/身高、下肢长/身高、指距/身高、坐高/下肢长、四肢长/躯干长的差异均有统计学意义（均P <0.05）,12～岁男女童的身高、指距、下肢长、坐高/身高、下肢长/身高、指距/身高、坐高/下肢长、四肢长/躯干长差异均有统计学意义（均P <0.05）。男女童的坐高（男：r=0.861；女：r=0.916）、下肢长（男：r=0.893；女：r=0.933）、膝高（男：r=0.725；女：r=0.829）、指距（男：r=0.977；女：r=0.969）均与身高显著相关（均P <0.001）；男女童的膝高/身高与下肢长/身高（男：r=0.815；女：r=0.751）、四肢长/躯干长（男：r=0.857；女：r=0.837）均显著相关（均P <0.001）。结论 指距是身高的最佳预测指标，可作为特殊情况下身高的替代工具。推荐将膝高/身高作为评估下肢发育和体格匀称性的实用补充指标。

Objective To investigate and analyze the changes of limb length and body proportion of healthy children aged 6-12years in Qingdao city of Shandong province, so as to accumulate data and provie evidence for evaluating physical symmetry.Methods Random cluster sampling method was adopted to select 1 539 healthy children aged 6-12 years from 3 primary schools in urban areas of Qingdao from April 2024 to June 2024 as the survey subjects. Their height, sitting height, arm span, and knee height were measured, and leg length, sitting height/height, arm span/height, knee height/height, leg length/height, sitting height/leg length,and limb-to-trunk ratio(leg length + arm span)/sitting height were calculated. Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. T-test was used to analyze the difference of every indicator between different gender in the same age group. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the association between various indicators. Results The growth patterns of arm span, sitting height, leg length, knee height were consistent with age increasing in both boys and girls. Boys and girls were different in knee height and knee height/height aged 9 ～ < 13 years(Pall < 0.05), in sitting height/height, leg length/height, arm span/height, sitting height/leg length, and limb-to-trunk ratio in 11-years group(Pall < 0.05), in height, arm span, leg length, sitting height/height, leg length/height,arm span/height, sitting height/leg length, and limb-to-trunk ratio in 12-years group(Pall < 0.05). Sitting height(boy: r = 0.861;girl: r = 0.916), leg length(boy: r = 0.893; girl: r = 0.933), knee height(boy: r = 0.725; girl: r = 0.829), and arm span(boy: r = 0.977;girl: r = 0.969) were correlated with height in both boys and girls(Pall < 0.001). Knee height/height was correlated with leg length/height(boy: r = 0.815; girl: r = 0.751) and limb-to-trunk ratio(boy: r = 0.857; girl: r = 0.837) in both boys and girls(Pall < 0.001). Conclusions Arm Span is the best predictor of height and can be used as an alternative tool for estimating height in special situations. Knee height/height ratio is recommended as a practical supplementary indicator for evaluating lower limb development and physical symmetry.